Acknowledgments
Informed consent for publication of this case was collected from the patient. The study was also approved by the Ethical Committee of the University Hospital of Verona (n. 1538).
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
1. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Chaitman BR, Bax JJ, Morrow DA, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J 2019;40:237–69.10.1093/eurheartj/ehy462Search in Google Scholar PubMed
2. Bolstad N, Warren DJ, Nustad K. Heterophilic antibody interference in immunometric assays. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;27:647–61.10.1016/j.beem.2013.05.011Search in Google Scholar PubMed
3. Lippi G, Aloe R, Meschi T, Borghi L, Cervellin G. Interference from heterophilic antibodies in troponin testing. Case report and systematic review of the literature. Clin Chim Acta 2013;426:79–84.10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.004Search in Google Scholar PubMed
4. Kazmierczak SC, Catrou PG, Briley KP. Transient nature of interference effects from heterophile antibodies: examples ofinterference with cardiac marker measurements. Clin Chem Lab Med 2000;38:33–9.10.1515/CCLM.2000.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed
5. White GH, Tideman PA. Heterophilic antibody interference with CARDIAC T Quantitative Rapid Assay. Clin Chem 2002;48:201–3.10.1093/clinchem/48.1.201Search in Google Scholar
6. Shayanfar N, Bestmann L, Schulthess G, Hersberger M. False-positive cardiac troponin T due to assay interference with heterophilic antibodies. Swiss Med Wkly 2008;138:470.10.4414/smw.2008.12379Search in Google Scholar
7. Fortgens PH, Omar F. Cardiac troponin T quantitative assay failure as a result of antibody interference. Afr J Lab Med 2013;2:23.10.4102/ajlm.v2i1.23Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
8. Stavroulakis G, Papadopoulou M, Koutroulis G, Zouvelou V, Katsavochristos J, Georgiadis E, et al. Myasthenia gravis. A potential cause of false positively elevated troponin T? Case report and brief review. Int J Cardiol 2015;199:40–1.10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.165Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. Aliste-Fernández M, Sole-Enrech G, Cano-Corres R, Teodoro-Marin S, Berlanga-Escalera E. Description of interference in the measurement of troponin T by a high-sensitivity method. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019;29:021001.10.11613/BM.2018.021001Search in Google Scholar
10. Vilela EM, Bettencourt-Silva R, da Costa JT, Barbosa AR, Silva MP, Teixeira M, et al. Anti-cardiac troponin antibodies in clinical human disease: a systematic review. Ann Transl Med 2017;5:307.10.21037/atm.2017.07.40Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
11. Bjerner J, Børmer OP, Nustad K. The war on heterophilic antibody interference. Clin Chem 2005;51:9–11.10.1373/clinchem.2004.042994Search in Google Scholar PubMed
12. Lippi G, Cervellin G. La liaison fructueuse: laboratory and emergency medicine. Emerg Care J 2019;15:8344.10.4081/ecj.2019.8344Search in Google Scholar
13. Zaninotto M, Clerico A, Casagranda I, Galvani M, Plebani M. A false positive case of cardiac troponin I: which diagnostic approach? Int J Cardiol 2014;177:e42–3.10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.08.061Search in Google Scholar PubMed
14. Lippi G, Ardissino D, Aloe R, Cervellin G. A false positive case of cardiac troponin I identified with CK-MB reflex testing. Int J Cardiol 2014;176:e3–4.10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.06.065Search in Google Scholar PubMed
15. Ismail AA. A radical approach is needed to eliminate interference from endogenous antibodies in immunoassays. Clin Chem 2005;51:25–6.10.1373/clinchem.2004.042523Search in Google Scholar PubMed
©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
