Abstract
Objectives
The clinical significance of serum pepsinogen (PG) for screening gastric cancer has been a controversial topic. Serum PG I levels have been demonstrated to be correlated with age, sex, and the Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. However, the underlying factors that influence serum PG I variations remain to be fully elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the impacts of sex and body mass index (BMI) on PG I in Chinese population.
Methods
The cross-sectional study recruited 4,299 apparently healthy participants in Fujian Province. Serum PG levels were automatically measured using ELISA method. Serum H. pylori-IgG antibody was detected by the colloidal gold immunoassay. Clinical characteristics were obtained by questionnaire.
Results
Totally, 2,263 participants who had tests of serum PG and anti-HP IgG antibody were enrolled. Increased BMI and serum uric acid were observed in males with low PG I value (<70 μg/L). Multiple logistic regression showed the presence of overweight was the independent risk factor for male participants with low PG I level (odds ratio [OR] 1.519; p=0.017). However, the association was not found in females.
Conclusions
Sex-specific association of serum low PG I with overweight was observed in the southeast coastal areas of China. Thus, effects of sexual dimorphism should not be ignored during the clinical utilization of serum PG I.
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: grant number 82172327
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Research funding: This work was sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 82172327].The funding organization played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
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Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
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Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University hospital in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
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